Escape and Evade Training Essay Example for Free

Escape and Evade Training Essay The applications of military simulations can be categorized into three types: 1) those for research, development, and acquisition, 2) those for the study of advanced concepts and requirements and; 3) those for training, education and military operations. In the first group, simulation models provide insight into the cost and performance of military equipment, processes, or missions that are planned for the future. The second category allows the military to develop a doctrine of operations, create an internal organization, and select materials for acquisition. The third group of applications includes a simulation system involving specific military scenarios where soldiers and military personnel test doctrines, experiment with new ideas, and assess the usefulness of military concepts in a real warfare situation. The Vehicle Driving course familiarizes Soldiers with driving skills needed to traverse rough terrain. (from American Army) A simulated environment in military training most often consists of a virtual model of a three-dimensional representation of a system that is operating in a digital three-dimensional environment that includes military vehicles and humans that would appear on a battlefield. In this virtual model, individual soldiers are immersed in a system that generates visual, aural, and tactile stimuli that aims to train, test, or measure the ability of the human to respond in a desirable manner to the stimuli (Smith, 2007, p. 2). The US military also use constructive models where the user is not immersed in the virtual environment but is the one controlling the elements of the model. The constructive model is different from the virtual model lies in the method of human interaction, the lack of a three-dimensional representation of the object or system, and the number of objects being controlled by the user. In the constructive model, the user could control several objects or groups of objects. Computer technology has however developed constructive simulations known as Semi-Automated Forces (SAF) systems where the human user and intelligent models of human behavior embedded in the software both control the objects in the simulated system. The user maps out and directs the mission while the SAF supports the user by providing detailed control of activities like movement and engagement. The advantage of constructive models are that they allow a user to comprehend the operations of a much broader battlefield and to capture the behavior of a higher-level aggregate of objects, Also, constructive models could represent the organization, representation, and information that are used in the real military organizational hierarchy. (Smith, 2007, p. 4) Military simulations also consist of engineering models that represent properties of materials, liquids, aerodynamics, servomechanisms, and computer control of specific systems in an attempt to understand the physical capabilities of the system at a level that is accurate enough to be used to design the system. Through the use of advanced computer technologies and modeling techniques, the military could develop digital models of systems that are nearly as predictive as are live physical tests because sensor, communication, and recording equipment can be placed at the precise place and time of interest. Military engineering models also include interactions between two physical objects or between an object and its environment. The primary benefit of using simulated models is that learners are not limited to using just a few physical prototypes and could conduct experiments in infinite variations to collect data from all points in space and time around the event of interest. (Smith, 2007, p. 3). The American Army website features virtual games that provide players with the most authentic military experience available, from exploring the development of soldiers in individual and collective training to their deployment in simulated missions. The required training missions give the player an idea of what its like for real U. S. Army Soldiers to train for duty. The training games include Basic Combat Training (BCT), Advanced Individual Training (AIT), Advanced Marksmanship (Adv. Mkshp), Airborne School (Airborne), Medic Training (Medic), Special Forces Training (SFAS). Virtual simulation in healthcare and medical training Virtual simulation is now widely for medical instruction and study as it effectively links classroom learning with real-life clinical practice. Guided by their current medical knowledge, medical students are able to learn important clinical skills in simulated true-to-life medical settings before they work with real patients. Simulation-based techniques immerse medical students in real-life learning situations for various types of learning in terms of knowledge, tasks and skills, decision-making, and teamwork. It offers focused learning experiences that cannot be readily obtained using traditional techniques or in real patient care situations. Knowledge of facts, concepts, and the relationships between them such as the fundamental description of human biology and physiology, the applied description of the human body in health and disease, the conceptual and practical basis of therapy, evidence-based protocols that guide optimum therapy are more mastered through virtual simulation classroom techniques (Stanford School of Medicine). Unlike some other disciplines that utilize words, drawings, numbers, and spreadsheets, health care requires psychomotor skills of the clinician who lay hands on a patient and perform important procedures. Tasks and skills that encompass the practical and physical parts of medicine and health care could well be developed and honed through virtual simulation because these psychomotor skills can only be mastered hands-on training. Such skills include physical examination, blood drawing, invasive procedures (such as spinal tap or chest drainage) and complex surgical procedures (such as laparoscopic surgery or cardiac surgery) and catheter-based interventions (such as â€Å"cath-lab† procedures treating aortic aneurysm or carotid artery blockage). (Stanford School of Medicine)

Frank Lloyd Wright: A Comparison Of His Early Works With His Projects :: essays research papers

Frank Lloyd Wright: A Comparison of his Early Work with His Projects in Alabama   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Time has ravaged many of the greatest works of art that mankind has created but one form of art has far outlasted all of the rest. Architecture is the art of buildings but it spills over into designing furniture, bridges, and even cities. There have been many great architects, from the classical builders of ancient Rome and Greece to the Modernists of the last century. All of these men were great in their own right but perhaps the most famous architect ever is Frank Lloyd Wright.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is it that makes an architect stand out from the others in the field? It is a combination of older comfortable designs and cutting edge techniques. Also, it takes a certain amount of perfectionism in even the smallest details such as window design, furniture, and even the types of stones that make up a walkway.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is it that gives an architect that creative genius to be remembered as one of the greatest? Is it learning from other greats and implementing their ideas into new designs? Is it taking designs from nature and turning them into great manmade monuments? Is it turning experiences from life into blueprints that will continue to inspire for years to come? The answer is impossible to find by examining only one architect but some insight may be gained by examining the life and training of the architect and by comparing the early works with the later.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first work to be examined is Taliesin. Located in Hillside, Wisconsin and begun in 1911. Taliesin was built as a lasting monument to his lover, Mamah Borthwick ( Cheney ). It was named after a medieval epic poem from Wales called â€Å" The Book Of Taliesin.† It was built at a time in Wright’s life when his personal and professional lives were nearly in ruins. He referred to Taliesin as a â€Å" refuge and retreat for the woman, the work, and himself.†(Levine 76) When Wright began building Taliesin he had turned over control of his architectural firm to Hermann von Holst and had finally been granted a divorce from his tumultuous marriage to his first wife, Catherine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These demons that haunted Wright can be seen in his design for Taliesin and the way he threw himself head long into the completion of the project. Throughout the design for the house Wright mixes elements of the natural landscape to strengthen the lines of the house and to bring out it’s natural beauty.

Cool Runnings Essay

In the film ‘Cool Runnings’ directed by Job Turteltaub had taught me many valuable lessons for future life. Also a character had stood out for me whom is known as Derice, which had taught me even more. He has taught me about commitment, determination and also leadership and this is how it has compacted for myself. To begin with, Derice showed me that commitment could take me to the ultimate limit. Turteltaub used techniques such as close-ups on Derice’s running shoes and his face. Meanwhile, as Derice is getting ready and focussing on his position, the setting is a beautiful tropical island and an amazing ocean view, which tells me that he must be a local that lives in the beautiful island. Turteltaub also showed when Derice’s passion and commitment had impacted on his image it had stood out quite clearly, even though his gears were tiny rocks and a toilet paper roll in the beginning. Doesn’t mean it could be consistent throughout his life. One day he could become an Olympic Champion which supports the Olympic Value – pursuit of excellence and fair play. It’s important for teens like myself to learn these valuable lessons because starting a career, dream or passion now could have a huge impact on what it’s going to be like in the future. Lots of us teens are going through rejections and low self-esteem so by following my dreams is what I’m going to be heading for. Secondly, Turteltaub had showed me about determination. He also used techniques such as close-up of Derice’s face and Irving Blitzer (legendary Bobsled double gold medallist) as Derice was trying to pursue Irv to be the first time Jamaican Bobsled coach. But Irv has been consistently rejecting his offer. Turteltaub has shown how Derice had felt afterwards, after facing his loss in the qualifying round for track racing. He was determined to find a way to get back into the Olympics. This emphasises that giving up your dream is an easy thing to do, because that is like a short cut for being negative, but by committing and being determined harder, at least you’re going somewhere, which follows the Olympic value – pursuit of excellence. It’s important to learn these valuable lessons because as a teen myself, I’ve been doubted in many different ways throughout my life, but because I’ve been determined to make a change and prove them wrong, that was exactly what I’ve done because I have been true to myself and standing against negativity. Thirdly, Turteltaub taught me about leadership. He showed this when Derice (close-up shot) had to lead by example when his whole boblsled team crashed.

Being a Hero - 1510 Words

Being a Hero Thesis: Despite his accomplishments and the glory associated with his life, Aeneas only achieves the status of hero through divine intervention, and this god-given position causes him just as much grief as it does splendor. What is a hero? We would like to think that a hero is someone who has achieved some fantastic goal or status, or maybe someone who has accomplished a great task. Heroes find themselves in situations of great pressure and act with nobility and grace. Though the main character of Virgils Aeneid, Aeneas, is such a person, it is not by his own doing. He encounters situations in which death is near, in which love, hate, peace, and war come together to cause both good and evil. In these positions he†¦show more content†¦She goes to lengths that many mothers would not. This is not quite enough, though; average mothers concern alone does not make Aeneas a hero. A divine mothers concern makes him a hero. Without her willingness for personal sacrifice, Aeneas would never survive through the Aeneid. Occasionally, as is the case with most mothers, Venus judgment of what is best for Aeneas contradicts what fate and the other gods have in store for him. During the Trojans time at Carthage, Juno and Venus both agree that a union between Dido and Aeneas is in order. They use the attraction that Aeneas and Dido already have for each other and use it to cause them to fall in love. The intensity of this love is enough to cause Dido to break her vow of fidelity to her dead husband and she neglects her responsibilities to the development of the city. Jupiter disapproves of this union, and sends Mercury to remind Aeneas of his responsibility to Rome: Approach the Dardan captain where he tarries Rapt in Tyrian Carthage, losing sight Of future towns the fates ordain. Correct him, Carry my speech to him on the running winds: Â… What has he in mind? What hope, to make him stay Amid a hostile race, and lose from view Ausonian progeny, Lavinian lands? The man should sail: that is the whole point. Aeneas is in love with Dido and would gladly stay with her, building up Carthage, but the gods know thatShow MoreRelatedEssay On Being A Hero957 Words   |  4 PagesA hero is not something that anyone can be. A hero stands for what is right in the world and fights agents what is wrong. They will always be there to stand up for those who cannot. The path that is taken to become a hero is not a path that can be taken by most. You cannot simply wake up and become a hero, you are born with it and raised to be one. They have to fight to fully become their full hero. The path to become a hero is a long and taxing task to be taken. A hero is someone who had a veryRead MoreBeing a Hero in The Histories of Herodotus Essay1662 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstanding, make a real hero. In his book, Herodotus talks about Xerxes, the king of the Persians who led the offense against the Greeks, and Leonidas, the king of the Spartans who fought with honor and bravery against the Persians. According to Herodotus, although Xerxes won the war with big advantage, Leonidas was the real hero of the story because he confronted the enemy with great passion, humility, strength, and bravery. The main conceptualization that Herodotus has about a hero is that it has toRead MoreGoing Out of Their Way for the Well-being of Another...That Is a Hero645 Words   |  3 PagesA hero is defined as a person, who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities. What is your perception of a hero? Is it a â€Å"hero† from the movies, like spiderman or batman? The idea of heroism is widespread and many opinions arise from the concept. A hero is someone who goes out of their way for another’s well being. Calvin Coolidge, a writer, once said, â€Å"Heroism is not only in the man, but in the occasion.† (Brainy quote). For one to actually be a hero, oneRead MoreBeing A Hero Means To Be A Leader. To Be A Leader You Have1124 Words   |  5 PagesBeing a hero means to be a leader. To be a leader you have to have strength, courage, and commitment. In the 1960s there were many leaders fighting for what they believe is right of freedom a nd equality of all people. Major leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X they were involved with the Civil Rights Movement during the 60s. They were willing to fight until the end to make a change in society. Both men wanted to give the rights to all black people in America of living as an equalRead More Kosinskis Being There and the Existential Anti-Hero Essay example3188 Words   |  13 PagesKosinskis Being There and the Existential Anti-Hero      Ã‚   Critics have referred to Kosinskis Being There as his worst novel.   Perhaps, Kosinskis prosaic style is deceptive in its apparent simplicity (especially when contrasted with The Painted Bird).   What Kosinski seeks to do, as Welch D. Everman relates, is to stimulate the readers recreative and imaginative task by offering only the essentials...Kosinskis style draws the reader into the incident by refusing to allow him to remainRead MoreThe Hero With A Thousand Faces1540 Words   |  7 PagesCampbell â€Å"The Hero With A Thousand Faces† and The Movie â€Å"Alien† A hero is â€Å"a man (or occasionally a woman) of superhuman strength, courage, or ability, favored by the gods.† Based on this quote, found on â€Å"The Oxford English Dictionary Online,† one can assume that the hero would be a man based on the terms that are used. People often associate a man as being the almighty power in a situation. They are referred to as the hero. One does not often find a movie about superheroes with the hero being a womanRead MoreComparing Beowulf, The Wanderer, And The 13th Warrior1731 Words   |  7 PagesDeJames Mr. Neely 4-17-15 One common question in literature that always reappears is What is an epic hero? Or better yet an epic hero in Anglo Saxon culture. I believe there is more to being a hero than just being strong or intelligent. An epic hero in my eyes is oneself who comes to portray the beliefs of the society in which the tale/story is depicted. A few great examples of the Anglo Saxon epic hero are the literary characters in Beowulf, The Wanderer, and The 13th Warrior. These are all outstandingRead MoreEpic Hero : William Shakespeare s Hamlet1606 Words   |  7 PagesEpic Hero. â€Å"A brave and noble character in an epic poem, admired for great achievements or affected by grand events† (Dictionary). The traditional characteristics of an epic hero includes being born into nobility, being decisive, being an excellent warrior who is respected, and ultimately winning in the end. In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Hamlet fits the mold of an epic hero as he is born into nobility, but he breaks the mold of an epic hero as he never takes action against Claudius while in Othello,Read MoreThe Tragic Hero Of Oedipus The King1156 Words   |  5 Pages The topic I chose is the tragic hero topic. There exists a number of parameters that describe a tragic hero and thus it was my desire to get to understand these parameters. It was also my desire to be in position to give the difference between normal heroes and a tragic hero and give see the main dimensions of the two figures. I preferred to work with the book by Sophocles Oedipus, the king, in order to portray the attributes of a tragic hero. The book contains adequate information concerning theRead More Stanhope from Journeys End by RC Sheriff Essay684 Words   |  3 Pagesfor the accolade of â€Å"hero† in Journey’s End: R.C.Sherriff has included many themes in Journey’s End; a play portraying the reality of trench warfare. Some of these include Comradeship, The horrors of war, Heroism and Relationships. My essay will be focusing mainly on the theme of heroism. The audience relate the word â€Å"hero† with mainly one character in the play. But the word hero has many positive connotations. A hero could be a person who â€Å"saves the day† or is a hero in somebody else’s

Annotated Bibliographies about Diabetes

Paragraph one Introduction From an individual and social perspective, the issue of Limb amputations is among the most striking of medical incidents in the world today. In fact, in the United States alone, there are approximately 85,000 limb amputations caused by a non-traumatic condition yearly (Harati, 2010).Of these amputations, about 87 percent are caused by diabetes and diabetic foot ulcers. These complications are also expensive in terms of cost of care and can exceed up to about ten billion US dollars per single complication per year. Limb threatening Ischemia, joint deformities and foot ulcers, the major causes of Limb amputations, are mainly attributed to a common form of neuropathy known as diabetic neuropathy (Harati, 2010). Reference Harati, Y. (2010). Diabetic peripheral neuropathies. Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal, 6 (2), 15-19. Paragraph 2 The global health care costs linked with diabetic neuropathy and its chronic complications are elevated and rising due to the highly increasing rate of obesity and diabetes across the population demographics. It is highly predicted that an increase in about 15 to 20 pounds in weight of an individual significantly encourages the development of diabetes in the same individual by about 120 percent (Harati, 2010). Reference Harati, Y. (2010). Diabetic peripheral neuropathies. Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal, 6 (2), 15-19. Summary The article is mainly focused on the condition of Diabetic peripheral neuropathies. It describes this condition, as a nerve damage caused by diabetes, which affects the arms, hands, legs and feet. It also goes on to relate the condition to the issue of Limb amputations, which â€Å"among the most dramatic of medical events from an individual and social perspective† (Harati, 2010; p.15). According to the article, Diabetes is deemed as one of the main threats to human health affect people of all ages, ethnic groups, gender and educational class. That is why the article provides an insight of physiopathology of the disease, with further insights on the managements of its major complications. It vividly enlightens on all the conditions of diabetes and diabetic foot ulcers as well as discussing the cost of care due to the subsequent complication of amputations and the general cost per year; which is put at about ten billion dollars (Harati, 2010). In addition, this article explains the diabetic neuropathies in patients, showing how it manifests and how it contributes to the development of foot ulcers and joint deformities.   Apart from this important information, the article also provides an insight on the carpal tunnel syndrome stating it is three times more frequent in diabetes than in the normal population. On page 17 of the article, the overall risks factors underlying the development diabetic neuropathy are outlined and explained. Noted risk factors as presented on the article are the excessive consumption alcohol or the use tobacco products, which put many people at a greater risk for developing neuropathies (Harati, 2010). This article is credible since the author is on staff at Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Neurology in Houston, Texas. The author has also co-authored with other authors who have been doing research on diabetes since 1989. This source is great for the research to inform people who have diabetes and lower limb vascular insufficiency tend to have a more severe neuropathy than patent without ischemia. The quality of this information is great and it gives more than enough information. This article is a valuable source of credible articles on this topic (Harati, 2010).In other words the main points illustrated above are of quality and authentic. Work cited Harati, Y. (2010). Diabetic peripheral neuropathies. Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal, 6 (2), 15-19.

Dawson Lumber Company - 1182 Words

Last four digits of student ID #: Name of the business: Dawson Lumber Company Nature of the business: Wholesale Lumber Business Marketing Analysis: The Dawson Lumber Company was founded in the 1870s by the Dawson family to market the lumber on their land. In 1950, Dawson Lumber owned four small lumber yards in the Corn wall area, each operating as a separate company. However, in 1965, J.H. Dawson became president and amalgamated the four companies into the Dawson Lumber Company. The company had acquired seven more lumber yards north and west of Cornwall, Ontario but further growth was limited by J.H. Dawson’s belief that growth should only be financed by internally generated funds. For over one hundred years, Dawson Lumber†¦show more content†¦Financial Analysis: Strictly speaking, at present the Dawson Lumber Company is being financed by a bank loan. The company’s equity structure constitutes common stock capital amounting to $4.3 million and the accumulated earnings. Presently, the company’s financing needs are met through two types of bank loans which include a working capital loan obtained specifically to meet the working capital requirements and the present long term loan amounting to 4.2 million. Both the loans are obtained from National bank of Canada (NBC). The NBC took accounts receivable and inventory as collateral and as a condition of the loan against the charge on the borrowed amount for which Dawson undertook to provide quarterly financial statements and monthly reports of inventory, sales and receivables. Now as far as the company’s cash flow is concerned, the company has been suffered with very weak cash flows because inventory and receivables have increased which result in negative cash flows and due to increased in accounts payable resulting in positive cash flow thus overall cash generated from operations remain intact. However as mentioned above it is operational inefficiency due to delay in collection from customers resulting in delay in payments to creditor. The current ratio is at satisfactory level. If we talk about the company’sShow MoreRelatedDawson Lumber Company Limited1550 Words   |  7 Pages(NBC or the Bank) is tasked with the decision to review Dawson Lumber Company Limited s (Dawson) request for an increase in its line of credit up to the amount of $10.8mm. Dawson intends to finance inventory and receivables with the line of credit. NBC must remain cognizant of the competitive landscape of the lumber industry and assess whether a focus on the retail segment is beneficial to Dawson s strategic plan. Given that Dawson is one of the region s largest borrowers, NBC must be carefulRead MoreDawson Lumber Company Limited Essay1516 Words   |  7 Pages(NBC or the Bank) is tasked with the decision to review Dawson Lumber Company Limiteds (Dawson) request for an increase in its line of credit up to the amount of $10.8mm. Dawson intends to finance inventory and receivables with the line of credit. NBC must remain cognizant of the competitive landscape of the lumber i ndustry and assess whether a focus on the retail segment is beneficial to Dawsons strategic plan. Given that Dawson is one of the regions largest borrowers, NBC must be carefulRead MoreTrade Liberalization : A Win Winning Proposition And Economic Incentives2318 Words   |  10 Pagescontroversial due to the participation of two wealthy developed countries and one developing country. Proponents to this agreement argued that NAFTA would create thousands of jobs and reduce the income disparity in the region. Opponents believed that companies would move production to Mexico due to the lower cost of production and would cause a massive job loss in the United State (Villarreal Fergusson, 2014). This paper will examine the effect of NAFTA in the North American economy and particularlyRead MoreEssay on Chicano Art3962 Words   |  16 Pagesto link to his distant past by borrowing designs and ideas from the ancient cultures that existed in Mexico. Works cited Beigel, Fernanda. â€Å"Mariategui y las antinomias del indigenismo.† Utopia y Praxis Latinoamericana 6.13 (2001) : 36-57. Print Dawson, Alexander S. â€Å"From Models for the Nation to Model Citizens: Indigenismo and the ‘Revindication’ of the Mexican Indian, 1920–40.† Journal of Latin American Studies 1998 : 279-308. Print. Engle, Karen. The Elusive Promise of Indigenous DevelopmentRead Morelaw of contract11640 Words   |  47 Pagesto the usual course of things from such breach of contract itself, or b) such special circumstances as may reasonably be supposed to have been in the contemplation of both parties at the time they made the contract Horne v. The Midland Railway Company Facts: P contracted to manufacture and deliver shoes. Gave notice to stationmaster but deliver late. Special circumstances must be indicated if the P hopes to recover exceptional damages Victoria Laundry Facts: D sold P boilers and deliveredRead MoreHistory Grade 10 Exam Review6476 Words   |  26 Pages * June 17 ïÆ'   eight members were arrested ïÆ'   planned mass rally June 21 * The crowd pushed a streetcar over ïÆ'   one man killed 30 injured ïÆ'   Bloody Saturday * Branch Plant * A factory or business owned and controlled by a larger company in another country * Model T * Model T became a popular car because of low price, cheap (mass production) and easy maintenance * It had many problems like brittle axles, stuck in the mud (as there weren’t that many paved roads),Read MorePrinciples of Microeconomics Fifth Canadian Edition20085 Words   |  81 PagesHarris Production Service: MPS Limited, a Macmillan Company Copy Editor: June Trusty Proofreader: Barbara Storey Indexer: David Luljak Senior Production Coordinator: Ferial Suleman Design Director: Ken Phipps Managing Designer: Franca Amore Interior Design Modifications: Peter Papayanakis Cover Design: Dianna Little Cover Images: (Edmonton): Design Pics/ Fotosearch; (clouds): Larentz Gullachson/Getty Images Compositor: MPS Limited, a Macmillan Company Printer: RR Donnelley COPYRIGHT  © 2011, 2008 byRead MoreIntroduction to Materials Management169665 Words   |  679 PagesJeff Vanik Production Manager: Deidra M. Schwartz Director of Marketing: David Gesell Marketing Manager: Jimmy Stephens Marketing Assistant: Alicia Dysert This book was set by GGS Book Services. It was printed and bound by R. R. Donnelley Sons Company. The cover was printed by Phoenix Color Corp. Copyright  © 2008, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1996, 1991 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This

Case Study of Toyota-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignement

Question: Using Toyota as a Case Study. Investigate company profile, industry analysis, marketing mix, PESTEL analysis, SWOT analysis, Porter's Five Forces model (BRESS), Competitor analysis, cultural dimension, Ethical dimension, and describe a major case in Toyota's recent Marketing history. Answer: Introduction The report outlines trading operations and activities of the Toyota. Further, it explains the mission and vision of the firm. It tells that how the company is using marketing mix strategy and brand management strategies within the organization. Apart from this, it also explains the Pestle analysis, SWOT analysis, and porter five forces model to analyze and measure the strengths and weaknesses of the competitors across the world. It describes that how the company is using BCG matrix within the organization. It outlines that how the company is addressing the ethical issues within the organization. Toyota motor is a Japanese automotive manufacturer company. The company was founded in 1937 with its headquartered is located in Aichi, Japan. There are approx 364,445 employees employed in the company. It is the fifth biggest company in the world measured by the revenue. It is one of the biggest automotive manufacturer companies around the world. In todays era, the company is producing more than 10 million vehicles in the world. The firm is listed on the Japan stock exchange. It is the world market player in sales of hybrid electric vehicles. Toyota is dealing with various automobiles, engines, commercial vehicles and luxury vehicles around the world. In todays world, the company is increasing its revenue and profit and it is expanding its business activities globally. The mission of the Toyota is to attract and retain customers by providing a high quality of products and services in the world. The vision of the company is to become a successful leader in the automotive car manufact uring industry. The primary market of the company includes businessmen, urban families and young executives (Fan, Geddes Flory, 2013). Industry analysis of Toyota Motor Corporation Toyota is the automotive car manufacturing corporation which operates its business activities globally. It is trying to beat the competitors across the world. The competitors of the Toyota include Honda motors, Nissan motors, Ford motor company, Tata Motors, and Volkswagen. These are the main competitors of the company. The company has obtained approx 4.26 percent share in the U.S (McLean-Cobban, 2013). Marketing mix Marketing mix plays a vital role in Toyota Corporation. It is the tool to fulfill the needs and requirements of the consumers across the world. The marketing covers 4Ps (Product, price, place, and promotion) which have been discussed below (Loureiro, Sardinha Reijnders, 2012). Product: There are various product produced by the Toyota in the universal market. Product strategy is used by the company to identify the needs, requirements, and expectations of the customers across the world. This strategy also used by the company to differentiate its products from the competitors products. Price: The appropriate prices of the products are fixed by the company. Further, the company focuses on the income level of the consumers around the world. It will also help to gain the competitive advantages in the market (Lucky Takim, 2015). Place: The firm has been able to identify and evaluate the market segment and place to sell the products of the company. Mostly, the company is selling its vehicles in Africa, Europe, Asia and America (Yksel, 2012). Promotion: The advertisement and promotional strategies are used by the company to increase the sale of the vehicles in the world. It also helps to make a good image in the market (Ivanova, 2015). Brand management The brand management plays an integral role in Toyota Corporation in order to build and develop a good image in the market. It is the most popular and well-known brand in the world. The company has specialized in automobiles and engineering products. Along with this, the company uses different marketing strategies to increase and enhance the brand of the company. Through brand management, the company is able to increase the profit and revenue of the company (Li et al, 2016). STP (Segmentation, targeting, and positioning) Segmentation: It is the important strategy of the company. The company divides the market into the different segments of the world in order to distribute the products in an effective way. Under market segmentation, Toyota focuses on the businessmen and middle-class people to earn more revenue in the market (Venter, Wright Dibb, 2015). Targeting: Toyota Corporation focuses on the target market in order to attain the success and growth of the company. It monitors on the effective market to beat the competitors in the market. Further, it makes various strategies to reach its target audience in the world. Positioning: This strategy helps to make a good and effective position in the market. Through positioning strategy, the company selects the suitable marketing mix for the target audience. Under positioning strategy, the firm uses generic strategy and differentiation strategy in order to gain the competitive benefits in the automotive industry. PESTLE analysis The PESTLE analysis is used by the company to identify and measure the external environment to beat the competitors across the world. The PESTLE analysis of Toyota has been discussed below. Political: The government rules, regulations, laws affect the business activities and operations adversely. Therefore, Toyota must focus on the political factors in order to gain the competitive benefits around the world (Hanzaee Rouhani, 2013). Economic: The economic factors include inflation rate, interest rate, unemployment rate and growth rate. These factors influence the trading activities and operations adversely. These elements must be controlled and managed by the company (Sair Shoaib, 2014). Socio-cultural: The socio-cultural factors include culture, values, customs, religion and lifestyle of the people. These factors affect the vehicles and fuel efficiency of the Toyota. The company should evaluate and measure these factors to accomplish the goals and objectives of the firm. Technological: The technology such as internet influence the sale of the Toyota products in the market. Further, the firm has introduced hybrid technology to gain the competitive advantages within the organization (Roh, Hong Min, 2014). Environmental: The environmental factors include weather; climate and globalization which influence the sale of the Toyota vehicles. Therefore, the company must maintain safety regulations, and environmental standards to expand the business activities globally. Legal: There are various legal factors exist in the macro environment which affects the activities and operations of the company. The legal factors include the taxation, competition law, and intellectual property law. Therefore, the company must focus on these factors to expand its business globally (Thompson, 2015). SWOT analysis of Toyota The SWOT analysis is done by the company to measure and identify the strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats of the company. The SWOT analysis has been discussed below (Yuan, 2013). Strengths Weaknesses It is the popular and well-known brand in the world. It used hybrid and innovative technology. It uses cost leadership pricing strategy. The organizational structure of Toyota is not good and effective. Weak and low profitability. Toyota unable to keep a balance between the changes in price and demand. Opportunities Threats The company is launching the solar power vehicles. It also introduces ecology friendly cards. The global market is available for sale the vehicles of the company. Increasing oil prices and competition. Changes in the exchange and interest rates. Changes and modification in technology. Porter five forces analysis The porter five forces model shows that the company should focus on the competitors in the global market. Along with this, the firm needs to analyze and evaluate the needs, expectations, and choices of the customers around the world. The porter five forces model has been discussed below (Kajanus et al, 2012). Competitive rivalry: The Company needs to focus on the competitors of the Toyota. There are various factors affect the competitive rivalry in the market. Therefore, effective and dynamic strategies should be used by the company to gain the competitive advantages in the world. Bargaining power of buyers/customers: The customers affect the business activities and revenue of the Toyota. The external factors give contribution to the barraging power of customers. These factors include high and good quality of information and low switching cost. The company should focus on the desires, requirements, behavior, and needs of the suppliers. Bargaining power of suppliers: The main aim of the Toyota suppliers is to improve the activities and operations of the business. Thus, the firm must monitors on the bargaining power of suppliers and weak forces within the organization. It helps to attain the mission and vision of the firm with maintaining sustainability at the workplace (Mohapatra, Choudhury Ganesh, 2017). Threats of the substitutes: Substitutes affect trading activities of the company by producing the similar products in the market. Thus, the Toyota should identify the plans, policies, and strategies of the competitors to overcome on the competitors around the world. Threats of new entrants: New entrants are considered the potential and competent competitors of the company which influences the business of the firm. Hence, the company must evaluate and measure the new entrants to reduce the risks and key challenges of the firm. (Source: https://research-methodology.net/toyota-porters-five-forces-analysis/) Competitor analysis Ford, Volkswagen, and Honda are the major competitors of the Toyota. The ford company has maintained strong position in the American market. The financial position of the company is very strong. These are the strengths of the ford around the world. Low stock prices and poor reputation and status with investors are the major weaknesses of the Ford motor company (Jindal, Laveena Aggarwal, 2015). The product portfolio of the Honda is diversified and its position is very strong in Asia. These are considered the strengths of the company. The weaknesses include that Honda is dependent on the North America and low investment in research and development. These are the major weaknesses of the company. BCG matrix of Toyota The BCG matrix of the Toyota Corporation plays a significant role to attain competitive benefits and to gain the long-term revenue of the company. The BCG matrix has been discussed below (Soltanifar, Ansari, 2016). High relative market share Low relative market share High market growth rate Star Prius hybrid Luxury sedans and Lexus Land Cruiser SUV Question Small car for China as well as India. Corolla/Camry as hybrids Scion is good for youth in the USA. Low market growth rate Cash flow Venza-MPA and Innova Camry-Corolla sedans DOG Tundra pick up Declining and decreasing market in Europe and UK. Cultural dimension The organizational culture of the Toyota Corporation is unique and dynamic to attract more customers in the global market. Hofstedes cultural dimension model is used by the company to beat the competitors in the market to provide cross-cultural training to the employees. The Hofstede model focuses on the five value dimensions of the culture which also affect the national culture (Autio Thomas, 2014). Hofstede cultural dimension model (Source: https://www.hofstede-insights.com/country-comparison/japan/) Toyota is expanding and flourishing its business activities day by day. The company operates its business in US, Japan, China, Indonesia, India, Kenya, UK, and France. Therefore the firm must focus on the environment of the different countries to reduce the key challenges and risks of the market. In this way, the firm can make a good position in the global market (Takami, 2014). Ethical dimension Ethics is a branch of philosophy which involves defending, systematizing and suggesting the concepts of right or wrong conduct. The firm must maintain business ethics and code of conducts within the organization. Further, experimentation, respect, imagination, humility, and integrity are the core values of the Toyota which should be followed and maintained by the employees to expand its business globally (Bowen Zheng, 2015). The company uses the code of conducts in the organization in order to fulfill the social responsibility of the company. The Toyota code of conducts is considered the significant guiding tool to conduct and run business activities and operations globally. It also helps to reduce the key issues related to the environment and society. By maintaining a code of conduct, the company is able to fulfill the need and desires of the consumers across the world (Garca-Madariaga Rodrguez-Rivera, 2017). There are various ethical challenges faced by the Toyota Corporation within the organization. The firm is not able to build and develop effective and unique communication with customers in the global market and it also affects the loyalty and morality of the employees. Apart from this, the company has to face the litigation and criminal problems in the United States. The ethical issues also affect the confidence and integrity of the consumers across the world. Further, the company is fixing the high prices of products and vehicles to determine the long-term growth and success of the firm. These are the ethical issues in the Toyota Corporation which should be reduced and managed by the company (Jindal, Laveena Aggarwal, 2015). Case study Toyota is the global leader in the auto industry but in 2009, the company had to face various issues in the global market. Toyota had to recall more than 8 million vehicles due to unintended acceleration and poor window system. It was the biggest challenge for the company. As a result, the sale of the company decreased by 16 percent and costs increased by $5 billion in that year. The growth and success of the company are also affected by this key issue and challenge. Therefore, various marketing strategies were made by the company to overcome on this key issue within the organization. Discussion Technology and customer satisfaction were the main forces in the Toyota. Due to this crisis, the customer had to suffer a lot of problems. It also affects the sales and revenue of the company. It also affected the buying behavior of the consumers around the world. It also affects the brand image of the company. The company took various actions to resolve this issue within the organization. Toyota appointed a team to address this issue. It developed and built a recovery plan to resolve this issue. The company had developed a communication blueprint plan to identify and evaluate this issue. Marketing partnership strategy was used by the company. Further, collaboration strategy was used by the Toyota. Apart from this, brand reputation rebuilding strategy was implemented by the company. In addition, all the vehicles were recalled by the company to resolve this issue. Further, effective and unique communication strategies were also used by the company. Various effective and dynamic strategies were used by the company to regain its position in the market. As a result, the company overcame and reduced this issue. Further, Toyota also gained corporate reputation and goodwill in the market. The company again started its business activities and operations in an effective way. The company could have used effective and innovative technologies to overcome this challenge in the market. Further, effective and unique collaboration must have maintained by the company with customers. They should have resolved their problem and key issues by providing effective and unique vehicles. Porter five forces model was used by the company to resolve and address this issue. Thus, the company gained competitive benefits in the global market. Conclusion On the above aforesaid information, it has been measured and concluded that Toyota is one of the largest players in the world. Further, SWOT analysis, porter five forces model, and pestle analysis are done by the company to identify the major competitors of the company. These tools are also used by the company to gain the completive benefits within the organization. In addition, marketing mix and BCG matrix are also done by the company to reduce the key challenges of the market. In addition, the company should focus on the ethical issues to build and develop a brand image in the global market. Apart from this, the company uses Hofstede cross-cultural model to provide training and development coaching within the organization References Autio, E., Thomas, L. (2014). Innovation ecosystems.The Oxford handbook of innovation management, 204-288. Bowen, S. A., Zheng, Y. (2015). 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